A college of priests

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Sălĭi, ōrum, m. [2. salio; hence, prop., the Leapers, Jumpers], a college of priests at Rome dedicated by Numa to the service of Mars, who, armed and bearing the ancilia (v. ancile), with songs and dances, made solemn processions every year, in the first half of March, about the city and its sacred places. Their songs, being in an obsolete language, were almost unintelligible in the class. per.:

Salii a salitando, quod facere in Comitio in sacris quotannis et solent et debent,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 85 Müll.; cf. Ov. F. 3, 260 sq.; Liv. 1, 20; Fest. s. h. v. p. 326 Müll.; id. s. v. axamenta, p. 3 ib.; Cic. Rep. 2, 14, 26; id. de Or. 3, 51, 197:

Saliūm,

Hor. C. 1, 36, 12; 4, 1, 28; Verg. A. 8, 663; Quint. 1, 6, 40; 1, 10, 20; Val. Max. 1, 1, 9; Capitol. M. Aur. 4.—In Tibur such Salii were priests of Hercules, Serv. Verg. A. 8, 285; Macr. S. 3, 12; cf. Inscr. Orell. 2249; 2761; and v. axamenta;

hence also in Virg. (ubertate doctrinae altioris,

Macr. 1.1.), introduced as priests of Hercules, Verg. A. 8, 285.—There were also in Alba such Salii, Inscr. Orell. 2247 and 2248.—In sing.:

SALIVS,

Inscr. Orell. 2242 sq. —Hence, Să-lĭus, a, um, adj.

Of or belonging to the Salii:

Salias virgines Cincius ait esse conducticias, quae ad Salios adhibeantur, cum apicibus paludatas, quas Aelius Stilo scripsit sacrificium facere in regiā cum pontifice paludatas cum apicibus in modum Saliorum,

Fest. p. 329 Müll.; cf. Marquardt 1. 1. p. 374.—

(=Saliaris, II.) Sumptuous:

Saliae (sc. epulae),

App. M. 4, 22.

Sălĭi, ōrum, m., the Salians, a part of the Franks, Amm. 17, 8, 3.—In sing., Claud. Laud. Stil. 1, 222. [p. 1619]

quindĕcimvir (plur. in inscrr. usually X̅V̅. VIRI, but also written in full, QVINDECIM VIRO SACRIS FACIVNDIS, Inscr. Grut. 476, 7, of A. D. 346), vĭri (separated, quindecim Diana preces virorum, Hor. C. S. 70), m. [quindecim-vir], a member of a college, commission, or board of fifteen men for any official function. — Usually in plur.: quindĕcimvĭri, gen. ūm and ōrum, the college or board of fifteen men, the fifteen. So esp.,

In Rome, the quindecimviri Sibyllini or sacris faciundis, a college of priests who had charge of the Sibylline books, from which, in times of danger, they divined the means of averting the peril by religious rites, Hor. l. l.; Tac. A. 6, 12 fin.; Inscr. Orell. 1100; 2263 sq.; 2351.— Gen. plur.:

quindecimvirum, Tac. l. l.: quindecemvirum conlegi magister,

Plin. 28, 2, 3, § 12.— Sing.:

L. Cotta quindecimvir sententiam dicturus,

Suet. Caes. 79; Tac. A. 6, 12, 1:

quindecimvir sacris faciundis,

Gell. 1, 12. —

Quindecimviri agris dandis, fifteen commissioners for apportioning lands, Plin. 7, 43, 45, § 139.

quindĕcimvir (plur. in inscrr. usually X̅V̅. VIRI, but also written in full, QVINDECIM VIRO SACRIS FACIVNDIS, Inscr. Grut. 476, 7, of A. D. 346), vĭri (separated, quindecim Diana preces virorum, Hor. C. S. 70), m. [quindecim-vir], a member of a college, commission, or board of fifteen men for any official function. — Usually in plur.: quindĕcimvĭri, gen. ūm and ōrum, the college or board of fifteen men, the fifteen. So esp.,

In Rome, the quindecimviri Sibyllini or sacris faciundis, a college of priests who had charge of the Sibylline books, from which, in times of danger, they divined the means of averting the peril by religious rites, Hor. l. l.; Tac. A. 6, 12 fin.; Inscr. Orell. 1100; 2263 sq.; 2351.— Gen. plur.:

quindecimvirum, Tac. l. l.: quindecemvirum conlegi magister,

Plin. 28, 2, 3, § 12.— Sing.:

L. Cotta quindecimvir sententiam dicturus,

Suet. Caes. 79; Tac. A. 6, 12, 1:

quindecimvir sacris faciundis,

Gell. 1, 12. —

Quindecimviri agris dandis, fifteen commissioners for apportioning lands, Plin. 7, 43, 45, § 139.

dĕcem-vĭri (in MSS. and old edd. often Xviri), um or ōrum ( gen. -virum, Cic. Agr. 2, 15, 39; 2, 21, 56; id. Rep. 2, 36, 61; Varr. L. L. 9, § 85 Müll.; Liv. 27, 8; 40, 12: -virorum only in Liv., where it is very freq.), m. [vir], a college or commission of ten men, the decemviri or decemvirs, Roman magistrates of various kinds.

The most famous were called decemviri legibus scribundis, the composers of the Twelve Tables, who ruled alone, and absolutely, in the years of Rome 303 to 305 (legally only 303 and 304; hence "neque decemviralis potestas ultra biennium," Tac. A. 1, 1), Cic. Rep. 2, 36 sq.; Liv. 3, 32 sq.; Gell. 20, 1, 3.—In sing., Cic. Rep. 2, 36 fin.; Liv. 3, 33 fin.; 40; 46; 48 al. The fragments which remain of these laws form one of the most important monuments of the early Latin language; and have been critically edited by R. Schoell, Leips., 1866; cf. Momms. Rom. Hist. book 2, ch. 2; Lange, Röm. Alter. 1, 535 sqq.; Wordsworth, Fragm. p. 503 sq.—

Decemviri stlitibus (litibus) judicandis, a standing tribunal for deciding causes involving liberty or citizenship, and which represented the praetor, Cic. Or. 46, 156; Suet. Aug. 36; Dig. 1, 2, 2, § 29; Corp. Inscr. Lat. 8, 38 (A. U. C. 615); cf. Cic. Caec. 33, 97. —In the sing., Inscr. Orell. no. 133 and 554. —

Decemviri agris dividundis, a commission for distributing the public land to the people, Cic. Agr. 1, 6 sq.; 2, 7 sq.; Liv. 31, 4 and 42; cf.:

X. VIR. A. D. A. (i. e. decemviri agris dandis assignandis),

Inscr. Orell. 544.—

Decemviri sacris faciundis, a college of priests who preserved the Sibylline books, had charge of the Apollinaria, etc.; its number in the time of the emperors was increased to sixty, Liv. 10, 8; 25, 12 al.—In sing., Inscr. Orell. 554.

sēvir or sexvir (in inscrr., where this word most freq. occurs, commonly written with numerals, VI. vir, or ĪĪĪĪĪĪ. VIR), vĭri, m. [sex-vir], a member of a board or college consisting of six men, a sexvir.

One of the presidents of the six divisions of Roman knights, Inscr. Orell. 732; 1172; 2242; 2258 al.—

Augustalis, a member of the college of priests dedicated to Augustus, Petr. 30, 2; Inscr. Orell. t. ii. p. 197 sq.; v. Augustalis. —

A member of a municipal directory of six men, Inscr. Grut. 418; 365, 3.

sŏdālis, is (abl., regularly, sodali;

sodale,

Mart. 1, 86, 5; Plin. Ep. 2, 13, 6), comm. [cf. Sanscr. svadhā, will, power; Gr. ethos, custom; v. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 251].

In gen., a mate, fellow, intimate, comrade, crony, boon-companion, etc. (freq.and class.; a favorite word with Plautus; cf.:

socius, familiaris): tuos amicus et sodalis,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 4, 7:

hic sodalis tuos amicus optimus,

id. Cas. 3, 3, 18; so (with amicus) id. Bacch. 3, 3, 71:

sodalem me esse scis gnato tuo,

id. Most. 5, 2, 32:

sex sodales repperi, Vitam, amicitiam, etc.,

id. Merc. 5, 2, 4:

quid enim aut illo fidelius amico aut sodale jucundius?

Plin. Ep. 2, 13, 6:

si frater aut sodalis esset,

Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 74: sodalis et familiarissimus Dolabellae, Lentul. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 14, 7:

primum habui semper sodales. Sodalitates autem me quaestore constitutae sunt sacris Idaeis... epulabar igitur cum sodalibus omnino modice, etc. (shortly after: coetu amicorum),

Cic. Sen. 13, 45:

popularis et sodalis,

id. Ac. 2, 37, 118:

meus sodalis,

id. de Or. 2, 49, 200:

adulescentes aliquot, aequales sodalesque: adulescentium Tarquiniorum,

Liv. 2, 3:

in urbem reversus sodalibus legi,

Plin. Ep. 7, 4, 7:

Pompei meorum prime sodalium,

Hor. C. 2, 7, 5:

gaudentem parvisque sodalibus et lare certo Et ludis,

id. Ep. 1, 7, 58:

sodalis istius (Verris) in hoc morbo et cupiditate,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 36, § 91:

veterem tutare sodalem,

Ov. P. 2, 4, 33:

O jucunde sodalis,

id. ib. 1, 8, 25:

dilectos inter sors prima sodalis,

id. Tr. 4, 5, 1.—

In the poets, adject.:

turba sodalis,

the band of friends, Ov. R. Am. 586.—Of things:

Hebrus,

Hor. C. 1, 25, 19:

cratera,

id. ib. 3, 18, 6.—

In partic.

A fellow or member of a corporation, society, fraternity, college, etc.: sodales sunt, qui ejusdem collegii sunt, quam Graeci hetairian vocant, Dig. 47, 12, 4.—Of the members of a college of priests:

sodales in Lupercis,

Cic. Cael. 11, 26:

Sodales Titii,

Tac. A. 1, 54:

Augustales,

id. ib. 3, 64; Suet. Claud. 6; id. Galb. 8; Inscr. Orell. 2364 sq.; 1588; 1593; 1611 et saep.—

In a bad sense, a participator, accomplice in unlawful secret associations (esp. for buying votes, plotting against the State, etc.):

quos tu si sodales vocas, officiosam amicitiam nomine inquinas criminoso,

Cic. Planc. 19, 46:

tu in illis es decem sodalibus: Te in exsilium ire hinc oportet,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 12.—

A gallant, Mart. 9, 3, 8; Hier. adv. Juv. 1, 48.

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augur, ŭris (earlier also auger, Prisc. p. 554 P.), comm. (cf. Prob. p. 1455 P., and Phoc. p. 1695 P.) [avis and Sanscr. gar, to call, to show, make known. Van.], an auqur, diviner, soothsayer; at Rome, a member of a particular college of priests, much reverenced in earlier ages, who made known the future by observing the lightning, the flight or notes of birds, the feeding of the sacred fowls, certain appearances of quadrupeds, and any unusual occurrences (v dirae).

Lit.:

Interpretes Jovis optumi maxumi, publici augures,

Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 20; Fest. s. v. quinque, p. 26 Müll.; Serv. ad Verg. A. 3, 537; and others cited in Müll. Etrusk. 2, p. 116 sq., and Smith, Dict. Antiq. (diff. from auspex, orig. as a general idea from a particular one, since the auspex observed only the flight of birds; cf. Non. p. 429, 26. Yet as this latter kind of augury was the most common, the two words are frequently interchanged or employed in connection; cf. Enn. ap. Cic. Div 1, 48, 107: dant operam simul auspicio augurioque).—

Transf., any soothsayer, diviner, seer, in gen.: augur Apollo, as god of prophecy (v. Apollo), Hor. C. 1, 2, 32; so,

augur Phoebus,

id. C. S. 61:

Argivus,

i.e. Amphiaraus, id. C. 3, 16, 11; id. Ep. 1, 20, 9; Prop. 3, 14, 3:

veri providus augur Thestorides,

i. e. Calchas, Ov. M. 12, 18; 12, 307; 15, 596; 3, 349;

3, 512 al.: nocturnae imaginis augur,

interpreter of night-visions, id. Am. 3, 5, 31:

pessimus in dubiis augur timor,

fear, the basest prophet, Stat. Th. 3, 6.— Fem.:

aquae nisi fallit augur Annosa cornix,

Hor. C. 3, 17, 12:

simque augur cassa futuri!

Stat. Th. 9, 629; Vulg. Deut. 18, 14; ib. Isa. 2, 6; ib. Jer. 27, 9:

augures caeli,

ib. Isa. 47, 13.

augur, ŭris (earlier also auger, Prisc. p. 554 P.), comm. (cf. Prob. p. 1455 P., and Phoc. p. 1695 P.) [avis and Sanscr. gar, to call, to show, make known. Van.], an auqur, diviner, soothsayer; at Rome, a member of a particular college of priests, much reverenced in earlier ages, who made known the future by observing the lightning, the flight or notes of birds, the feeding of the sacred fowls, certain appearances of quadrupeds, and any unusual occurrences (v dirae).

Lit.:

Interpretes Jovis optumi maxumi, publici augures,

Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 20; Fest. s. v. quinque, p. 26 Müll.; Serv. ad Verg. A. 3, 537; and others cited in Müll. Etrusk. 2, p. 116 sq., and Smith, Dict. Antiq. (diff. from auspex, orig. as a general idea from a particular one, since the auspex observed only the flight of birds; cf. Non. p. 429, 26. Yet as this latter kind of augury was the most common, the two words are frequently interchanged or employed in connection; cf. Enn. ap. Cic. Div 1, 48, 107: dant operam simul auspicio augurioque).—

Transf., any soothsayer, diviner, seer, in gen.: augur Apollo, as god of prophecy (v. Apollo), Hor. C. 1, 2, 32; so,

augur Phoebus,

id. C. S. 61:

Argivus,

i.e. Amphiaraus, id. C. 3, 16, 11; id. Ep. 1, 20, 9; Prop. 3, 14, 3:

veri providus augur Thestorides,

i. e. Calchas, Ov. M. 12, 18; 12, 307; 15, 596; 3, 349;

3, 512 al.: nocturnae imaginis augur,

interpreter of night-visions, id. Am. 3, 5, 31:

pessimus in dubiis augur timor,

fear, the basest prophet, Stat. Th. 3, 6.— Fem.:

aquae nisi fallit augur Annosa cornix,

Hor. C. 3, 17, 12:

simque augur cassa futuri!

Stat. Th. 9, 629; Vulg. Deut. 18, 14; ib. Isa. 2, 6; ib. Jer. 27, 9:

augures caeli,

ib. Isa. 47, 13.

Aurēlĭānus, i, m.

Flavius Claudius, a Roman emperor who reigned A. D. 270-275; his life was written by Vopiscus; Inscr. Orell. 489; 1026 sq.; 1535; 1856.—

Derivv.

Aurēlĭānus, a, um, adj., of Aurelian: sodales, a college of priests like the Augustales, Capitol. M. Anton. Philos. 7 fin.:

BALNEVM,

built by Aurelian, Inscr. Grut. 178, 3.—

Aurēlĭānensis, e, adj.: urbs, the present Orleans, Sid. 8, 15.